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NASHVILLE, Tenn. ? It's time for a new stage at Ryman Auditorium, a significant moment in the history of a building known for its significant moments.
Scuffed by the heels of "The King," "The Queen of Soul" and thousands of singers in cowboy boots, scarred by an uncountable stream of road cases and worn by six decades of music history, the Ryman's oak floorboards have reached the end of a very long, very successful run.
"That stage has had a wonderful life," said Steve Buchanan, senior vice president of media and entertainment for Gaylord Entertainment, owners of the Ryman.
The current stage is just the second in the 120-year history of the "Mother Church" after the original was installed in 1901 for a performance of the Metropolitan Opera. It was laid down in 1951 and has lasted far longer than expected. The stage was refinished during a renovation in 1993-94 and even then officials knew it would be the last resurfacing. Today it's heavily scuffed and scarred, its age easily visible from the Ryman's balcony.
The Ryman is still the building most associated with The Grand Ole Opry, though it moved to the Opry House in 1974, and has hosted a number of significant moments in American culture.
Bob Dylan and Johnny Cash stood together on those boards and changed music. Cultures clashed there too when the boo birds took on country rockers The Byrds. Today the Ryman is a much sought-after destination point for musicians of all genres and many shows take on a unique aura.
Dylan recently returned, more than 40 years after "Nashville Skyline." Taylor Swift sang there recently with her good friends, The Civil Wars. Even the heaviest of rockers get a little nostalgic, like Josh Homme of Queens of the Stone Age, who said it was an honor to get drunk while performing in the building last year.
Keith Urban, making his return from vocal surgery, will be among the last performers on the stage when the Opry plays its final winter date Friday at The Ryman. Dierks Bentley will play the last standalone concert Thursday.
As a young, aspiring performer in Nashville more than a decade ago, Bentley would run his fingers along the building's brickwork late at night as he walked home from performing on Lower Broadway, daydreaming of playing on that stage. He calls it "one of the most precious places in Nashville and in country music to me."
"The significance of that stage and who played there before me will definitely be in the back of my head all night," Bentley said in an email. "As a member of the Grand Ole Opry, I couldn't be any prouder."
That a busy venue needs a new stage is not necessarily news. The stage at the Opry's permanent home, for instance, has been changed multiple times over the years with little comment. But when the Ryman stage is replaced, officials in some sense are altering an icon that is closely watched by sometimes vocal guardians of its cultural significance.
Officials are prepared for questions. They point out the building has gone through many upgrades over the years and that each step was vital to preserving the building. Most recently the roof was replaced in 2009.
"We're not in the business of getting rid of old things just to get rid of them," Ryman general manager Sally Williams said.
They will retain an 18-inch lip of the blonde oak at the front of the stage, similar to the way the Ryman stage was commemorated in a circle of wood at the new Opry House. The rest of the stage will be stored and replaced with a medium brown Brazilian teak that will be far more durable and camera friendly.
Beneath the stage, the original hickory support beams will be kept and reinforced with concrete foundations, crossbeams and joist work that will help triple the stage's load capacity.
Work will begin Feb. 4 and continue seven days a week until Feb. 20, when rising country stars The Band Perry will make its Ryman debut with a sold-out show. Tours will continue throughout the work, allowing members of the public to watch.
Williams says she's gotten no negative feedback as word has spread because everyone understands the importance of the project.
"I think it will be interesting because I think it's obvious we're doing something ensuring that people will be coming here and having those Ryman moments in 120 years," she said.
___
Online:
http://www.ryman.com
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President Barack Obama participates in a Google+ Hangout from the White House on Monday.
By Craig Kanalley, Social Media Editor, NBC News
Sunday night, Google+'s senior vice president of engineering Vic Gundotra?posted?to the social network that his team was "nervous" about its Hangout with the president of the United States. He said there were some technical challenges?? for instance: "You just don't walk into the West Wing of the?+The White House?and set up computer equipment."
Besides some slight technical difficulties at the beginning, the livestream Monday was nearly flawless on YouTube, and the first Google+ Hangout broadcast publicly with President Barack Obama lasted just over 49 minutes.
The start of the live broadcast was delayed 2-1/2 minutes.?Google+'s Steve Grove, who moderated the discussion, said at one point, "Can you hear me? You can't hear me, guys, you need the speaker on." Obama's voice was then heard: "Now I can."
The rest of the Hangout went fairly smoothly, with only an occasional lag, interruption or moment of confusion.
Viewers of the Hangout saw seven boxes at the bottom of the computer screen. One belonged to Grove. Five more to Americans who had been invited to participate, including a group of students from John F. Kennedy High School in Fremont, California. In the final box: the president.
All boxes were displayed equally, and whoever was talking lit up the top of the screen. It was a moment Googlers could likely only dream of when they conceptualized and developed Hangout, a group video chat generally limited to 10 participants.
Perhaps the most notable exchange during the Hangout was when participant Jennifer Wedel of Texas, whose husband has had trouble finding permanent employment for the past three years, interrupted the president.
Obama had said he had a list of folks looking to hire engineers, her husband's specialty. "There's a huge demand for engineers around the country right now," he added, when Wedel jumped in.
"Um, I understand that, but how ? given the list that you're getting, I mean we're not getting that ? You said in the State of the Union address that business leaders should ask themselves what can they do to bring jobs to America," she said.
The president had a very personal response which Wedel seemed satisfied with.
"If you send me your husband's resume, I'd be interested to find out what's happening," Obama said. "But the word we're getting is somebody in that high tech field should be able to find something right away."
"I'll have to take you up on that," she replied.
Another personal moment took place at the end, when Christine Wolf from Evanston, Illinois, asked a quick follow-up after her last question.
Christine from Evanston, Illinois, a Google+ Hangout participant, introduces her children to President Obama.
"Mr. President, if it's all right with you, may I just introduce you to my children, who are sitting just off camera?"
"Yeah, let me see them," he replied. And she brought her two sons and daughter into the viewing area.
"Make sure to work hard in school and do what your mom tells you," he quipped.
Tough questions
Not all questions were easy to answer.
A young student asked Obama what he would say to students afraid to go to college because they're worried about paying off student loans.
"I think young people have a little more responsibility to think ahead and make sure when you make that investment it's actually in pursuing a career in which you can have some confidence you're going to find a job down the road."
He also said he and first lady Michelle Obama took out loans themselves which are paid off.
When Wedel asked what the president would say to young Americans who have seen their own parents get laid off, and worry about debt and potentially facing the same situation, he said, "When times are tough, obviously a lot more people are concerned about taking on debt." But he added, "The unemployment rate for folks who only have a high school diploma is multiple times higher than for folks who have a college degree.
"As tough as this has been," he said, "the odds (are) that you'll do much much better in your lifetime, over the course of your career ... if you have a higher-education degree."
To a woman who said she has been unemployed for five years, Obama responded: "The biggest thing I can do for people out of work right now is to grow the economy."
A mother asked how parents should explain the economy to their children.
"We're going to be fine if we make some good decisions," he said, adding as president he'd like to instill hope in the American people.
He referred to manufacturing, which he discussed at length in his recent State of the Union Address.
?
"I want us to be a country that is building and selling products all around the world," he said, adding he wants to provide incentives for companies to invest here and insource rather than outsource.
It was such a pleasure and honor to be a part of it. The Google team who organized it was really mint, the President is fun and engaging. It went by faster than I ever thought.... :)
Ray tells NBC News he asked a question like everyone else and the next thing he knew he heard from Google and was told his question was picked to be put before the president, thereby allowing him to participant in the live-streaming event.
Grove said 135,000 questions were submitted ahead of the event, according to the New York Times' Liz Heron.
Watch the Hangout in its entirety below, minus the technical issue at the beginning:
Follow Craig on Twitter, subscribe to his Facebook posts, or circle him on Google+.
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?
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Debris and wreckage lie along the highway after a multi-vehicle accident that killed at least nine people, on Interstate 75 near Gainesville, Fla., Sunday, Jan. 29, 2012. (AP Photo/Phil Sandlin)
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WASHINGTON ? President Barack Obama, fresh from a five-state tour following his State of the Union address, is calling for government reforms to ease gridlock and bar members of Congress from profiting from their position.
In his radio and Internet address Saturday, Obama said many people he encountered during his trip were optimistic but remained unsure "that the right thing will get done in Washington this year, or next year, or the year after that."
"And frankly, when you look at some of the things that go on in this town, who could blame them for being a little cynical?" Obama said.
The president reiterated his calls for government reform made in Tuesday's address, saying he wants the Senate to pass a rule that requires a yes-or-no vote for judicial and public service nominations after 90 days. Many of the nominees, he said, carry bipartisan support but get held up in Congress for political reasons.
Without mentioning him by name, the president noted that Utah Sen. Mike Lee, a Republican, said he would hold up nominations because he opposed the recess appointment of Richard Cordray to lead a new consumer protection agency, a move that many Republicans have called unconstitutional. Obama said the American people deserve "better than gridlock and games."
"One senator gumming up the works for the whole country is certainly not what our founding fathers envisioned," the president said.
Obama said he also wants Congress to pass legislation to ban insider trading by lawmakers and prohibit lawmakers from owning securities in companies that have business before their committees.
In addition, the president is seeking to prohibit people who "bundle" campaign contributions from other donors for members of Congress from lobbying Congress. Obama urged the public to contact their member of Congress and tell them "that it's time to end the gridlock and start tackling the issues that really matter."
Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla., delivering the GOP address, said Obama's address to Congress lacked much discussion of the president's achievements "because there isn't much."
"This president didn't talk about his record for one simple reason," Rubio said. "He doesn't want you to know about it. But you do know about it, because your feel the failure of his leadership every single day of the week."
Rubio accused the president of driving up the national debt, failing to reduce high unemployment across the country and offering divisive economic policies.
The Florida senator said there is a growing gap between the rich and the poor but the best way to solve the problem is by embracing the American free enterprise system. Rubio said he hopes 2012 "will be the beginning of our work towards a new and prosperous American century."
___
Online:
Obama address: www.whitehouse.gov
GOP address: http://www.youtube.com/gopweeklyaddress
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ROY, Utah ? Authorities on Friday charged an 18-year-old man with possession of a weapon of mass destruction after they say he and another teenager planned to bomb a Utah high school.
Dallin Morgan and a 16-year-old were arrested Wednesday at Roy High School, about 30 miles north of Salt Lake City, after police were alerted to the plot by a fellow student who received ominous text messages from one of the suspects.
"If I tell you one day not to go to school, make damn sure you and ... are not there," the message read, according to court records.
Authorities said the pair had detailed blueprints of the school and had planned to try to steal a plane at a nearby airport after their attack. The students told police they had been learning to fly on a flight simulator program on their home computers.
Investigators were trying to determine just how close the two suspects were to pulling off an attack they say was inspired by the deadly 1999 Columbine High School shootings in Littleton, Colo.
Authorities say the younger suspect visited the school last month to interview the principal about the shootings and security measures.
Morgan was released on bond, pending arraignment Wednesday. The 16-year-old, whom The Associated Press isn't naming because he's a minor, had been held at a juvenile facility but authorities declined to immediately say whether he remained in custody Friday.
The FBI is examining the suspects' computers. Local and federal authorities searched the school, two vehicles belonging to the suspects and their homes but found no explosives.
The 16-year-old suspect's father declined comment Friday, and no one answered the door at Morgan's home.
The charge filed Friday includes conspiring to use a weapon of mass destruction, not necessarily possessing one. Prosecutors are considering additional charges.
The suspects told authorities they were inspired by Columbine, but were offended when compared to them because "those killers only completed one percent of their plan," according to a probable cause statement.
Roy High School sophomore Bailey Gerhardt told The Salt Lake Tribune she received text messages from one of the suspects and alerted school administrators.
"I get the feeling you know what I'm planning," read one of the messages, according to court records. "Explosives, airport, airplane.
"We ain't gonna crash it, we're just gonna kill and fly our way to a country that won't send us back to the U.S.," read one message to the girl.
Royal Eccles, manager at the Ogden-Hinckley Airport, about a mile from the school, said Friday it would have been nearly impossible for the students to steal a plane or get the knowledge to fly one using flight simulator programs.
"It's highly improbable," Eccles said. "That's how naive these kids are."
While authorities are still working to determine a motive, one text message noted the suspects sought "revenge on the world."
Police credit the girl with helping foil the plan, though authorities said the school didn't have any assemblies set, and the suspects revealed no specific dates to pull off the attack.
"It could have been a disaster," Roy police spokeswoman Anna Bond said.
The juvenile suspect also told investigators he was so "fascinated" by the Columbine massacre that he visited the school and interviewed the principal about the shootings.
Columbine Principal Frank DeAngelis confirmed Friday he met with the 16-year-old student on Dec. 12 after the teenager told him he was doing a story for his school newspaper on the shootings.
DeAngelis told the AP he frequently gets requests from students doing research on the shootings, and the request from this one wasn't unusual.
"He asked the same questions I get from many callers and visitors asking about the shooting," DeAngelis said. He said the student wanted details about the shooting, the aftermath and the steps taken since then to protect the school.
Police said the student told them Roy school officials would not allow him to write the story.
DeAngelis said he was shocked when he got a call from Utah police on Wednesday asking if he had met with the youth. He said the interview raised no red flags but that he would do things differently with future requests.
"This was definitely a wake-up call. This is the first time this has happened," DeAngelis said.
The Roy High School plot "was months in planning," said Roy police Chief Gregory Whinham, and included plans for a device designed to "cause as much harm as possible to students and faculty" at the school.
Morgan told police the 16-year-old had previously made a pipe bomb using gun powder and rocket fuel.
"Dallin told me that (the juvenile) bragged about using a bomb to blow up a mail box and having three handguns in his house," according to a police affidavit. The 16-year-old boy "claimed that he did not have the guns but Dallin was the source of the guns because he is 18 and can purchase a gun."
The two students prepared by logging hundreds of hours on flight simulator software on their home computers, Bond said.
Both students had "absolute knowledge of the security systems and the layout of the school," Bond said. "They knew where the security cameras were. Their original plan was to set off explosives during an assembly. We don't know what date they were planning to do this, but they had been planning it for months."
The parents of both students "woke up in the middle of a nightmare," Bond said. "They've been very cooperative."
___
Associated Press writer Steven K. Paulson contributed to this report from Denver.
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ScienceDaily (Jan. 27, 2012) ? A rare combination of electric and magnetic properties in a now readily producible material could improve electronic memory devices.
An electric field can displace the cloud of electrons surrounding each atom of a solid. In an effect known as polarization, the cloud centers move away slightly from the positively charged nuclei, which radically changes the optical properties of the solid. Materials that can maintain this polarization, even when the external electric field is removed, are known as ferroelectrics and they could provide a novel route to higher-density memory devices.
"The function of ferroelectric materials is much expanded if they are also magnetic, and if there is a strong coupling between polarization and magnetization," explains Yasujiro Taguchi from the RIKEN Advanced Science Institute in Wako. Taguchi and his colleagues from RIKEN, and several other Japanese research institutes, recently demonstrated experimentally that the material strontium barium manganite ((Sr,Ba)MnO3) has this rare combination of properties1.
Previous experimental studies on (Sr,Ba)MnO3 did not identify any signs of the ferroelectricity promised by theoretical simulations. The problem was an insufficient ratio of barium to strontium atoms: conventional crystal growth techniques had produced material with only a maximum ratio of 1:4. Taguchi and his colleagues therefore developed a new two-stage growth technique that enabled them to increase the barium content to 50%. By comparing the properties of crystals with different levels of barium content, they identified a transition to a ferroelectric state at a content ratio of between 40 and 45%.
Strontium barium manganite has a so-called perovskite crystal arrangement, which is characterized by a repeating cubic structure (Fig. 1). Manganese atoms are located at the center of the crystal and oxygen atoms are situated in the middle of each of the six sides. Either a strontium or a barium atom sits on each corner of the cube. The spin, or rotation, of an electron in the manganese ions makes the crystal magnetic. Ferroelectricity arises because the manganese ions are displaced slightly from the center of the cube. "Therefore the manganese ions are responsible for both polarization and magnetism and thus a strong coupling between the two emerges," explains Taguchi.
Materials that are both ferroelectric and have magnetic properties are called multiferroics. The multiferroic materials identified so far have either strong coupling between electricity and magnetism but small polarization, or large polarization with weak coupling. "We have now discovered a multiferroic material that has both [strong coupling and large polarization]," says Taguchi. "These properties are necessary requirements if multiferroic materials are to be applied to devices. One possible example is low-power-consumption memory devices."
The corresponding author for this highlight is based at the Exploratory Materials Team, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute
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Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/01/120127135441.htm
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i. He or she must have a name that's useful for crosswords. Puzzle writers prefer having rare letters in unusual combinations (for example, I once snuck JFK, JR into a New York Times crossword at 1-down), but short groupings of common letters are the lifeblood of crosswords, and you'll need a lot of them if you want to make things work. For that reason, crossword-famous names are likely to be three, four, or five letters long, with as many 1-point Scrabble letters as possible. Think of names with a lot of vowels, and any combination of N, R, T, L, or S.
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ScienceDaily (Jan. 26, 2012) ? Distrust and paranoia about government has a long history, and the feeling that there is a conspiracy of elites can lead to suspicion for authorities and the claims they make. For some, the attraction of conspiracy theories is so strong that it leads them to endorse entirely contradictory beliefs, according to a study in the current Social Psychological and Personality Science (published by SAGE).
People who endorse conspiracy theories see authorities as fundamentally deceptive. The conviction that the "official story" is untrue can lead people to believe several alternative theories-despite contradictions among them. "Any conspiracy theory that stands in opposition to the official narrative will gain some degree of endorsement from someone who holds a conpiracist worldview," according to Michael Wood, Karen Douglas and Robbie Sutton of the University of Kent.
To see if conspiracy views were strong enough to lead to inconsistencies, the researchers asked 137 college students about the death of Princess Diana. The more people thought there "was an official campaign by the intelligence service to assassinate Diana," the more they also believed that "Diana faked her own death to retreat into isolation." Of course, Diana cannot be simultaneously dead and alive.
The researchers wanted to know if the contradictory beliefs were due to suspicion of authorities, so they asked 102 college students about the death of Osama bin Laden (OBL). People who believed that "when the raid took place, OBL was already dead," were significantly more likely to also believe that "OBL is still alive." Since bin Laden is not Schr?dinger's cat, he must either be alive or dead. The researchers found that the belief that the "actions of the Obama administration indicate that they are hiding some important or damaging piece of information about the raid" was responsible for the connection between the two conspiracy theories. Conspiracy belief is so potent that it will lead to belief in completely inconsistent ideas.
"For conspiracy theorists, those in power are seen as deceptive-even malevolent-and so any official explanation is at a disadvantage, and any alternative explanation is more credible from the start," said the authors. It is no surprise that fear, mistrust, and even paranoia can lead to muddled thinking; when distrust is engaged, careful reasoning can coast on by. "Believing Osama is still alive," they write, 'is no obstacle to believing that he has been dead for years."
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Google Maps
A Google Maps screenshot of a Lap-Band billboard on W 11th Street, Los Angeles, Calif. The billboards are under fire after the FDA criticized their misleading displays.
The Department of Insurance in California has launched a fraud probe into Lap-Band affiliated surgery centers connected with the 1-800-GET-THIN advertising campaign, according to Aetna Insurance and the Department of Insurance.
"I can now confirm that the DOI has initiated an investigation into the surgery centers of 1-800-GET-THIN," said Dave Althausen, deputy press secretary with the California Department of Insurance.
Aetna, a major insurance company, is also working with the Southern California Fraud Division of the Department of Insurance to investigate "alleged fraud against our members by the surgery centers affiliated with 1-800-GET-THIN," according to spokesperson Anjie Coplin.
The probe comes a month after inquiries by the Food and Drug Administration into Lap-Band weight-loss surgery ads, and less than a week after calls from Congress to investigate the safety of 1-800-GET-THIN's marketing campaign.
"We believe the Committee should hold hearings to examine whether FDA device regulation has been ineffective in protecting the public from dangerous medical devices like the Lap-Band," said Rep. Henry Waxman in a letter to the chairman of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, the L.A. Times reported. Rep. Diana DeGette and Rep. John D. Dingell also signed the letter.
Robert Silverman, president of 1-800-GET-THIN, has promised to send a statement regarding the probe. No statement has, as yet, been received.
At least five Southern California patients have died after Lap-Band procedures at clinics in Beverly Hills and West Hills that are affiliated with the 1-800-GET-THIN campaign, reports the Los Angeles Times after investigating various lawsuits, autopsy reports and other public records.
The Lap-Band surgery involves attaching an inflatable silicone device placed around the top portion of the stomach to treat obesity by reducing excess body fat.
Source: http://www.scpr.org/news/2012/01/27/30988/department-insurance-confirms-fraud-probe-lap-band/
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BANGKOK ? Asian stocks failed to make much headway Friday after disappointing Japanese corporate earnings and U.S. home sales ? considered crucial to an economic recovery ? were weaker than expected.
Benchmark oil hovered below $100 per barrel while the dollar was lower against the euro and the yen.
Japan's Nikkei 225 index fell 0.3 percent to 8,823.08. South Korea's Kospi rose 0.1 percent to 1,959.92. Hong Kong's Hang Seng was flat at 20,431.96, while Australia's S&P/ASX 200 gained 0.2 percent to 4,279.
Jackson Wong, vice president of Tanrich Securities in Hong Kong, said profit-taking was the order of the day as investors remained unconvinced that the overall global economic scenario was changing for the better.
"A lot of investors are a little bit worried. Not all the fundamentals have changed. Since we had a huge run up, investors are just taking some profits" until mainland Chinese markets open on Jan. 30 following the Lunar New Year holiday.
However, bargain-hunters indulged in stocks that took a beating last year, Wong said, including clothing retailer Esprit Holdings Ltd., which rose 2.8 percent.
Some traders were in wait-and-see mode ahead of the release of fourth-quarter gross domestic product figures from the U.S. Commerce Department later Friday. GDP measures the economy's total output of goods and services.
Economists predict growth will strengthen to around 3 percent in the October-December quarter from about 2 percent in the third quarter. Analysts at Credit Agricole CIB in Hong Kong said the reading was expected to "look healthy."
Attention was also focused on the resumption of talks to reach a deal on how Greece can avoid a catastrophic default on its debt. Greece and its bailout rescuers ? other countries that use the euro and the International Monetary Fund ? are asking private creditors to swap their Greek bonds for new ones with a lower value and interest rate.
The two sides have so far disagreed over what interest rate the new bonds should take.
In the U.S., stocks slipped Thursday after the government reported an unexpected drop in new home sales in December, capping the worst year for home sales since record-keeping began in 1963.
The Dow Jones industrial average closed down 0.2 percent at 12,734.63. The Standard & Poor's 500 index closed down 0.6 percent at 1,318.43. The Nasdaq shed 0.5 percent to close at 2,805.28.
But there were some bright spots. Orders to factories for long-lasting manufactured goods increased in December for the second straight month, and a key measure of business investment rose solidly.
Japanese exporters continued to be hit by a strong yen, which reduces the value of repatriated profits. Honda Motor Corp. slid 2.1 percent and Panasonic Corp. shed 2.5 percent. Fujitsu Ltd. plunged 3 percent.
Nintendo Corp., the Japanese gaming giant behind the Super Mario and Pokemon games, plunged 4.7 percent, a day after it sharply lowered its annual earnings forecast to a 65 billion yen ($844 million) loss. The company blamed the strong yen for much of the loss.
Japanese electronics company NEC Corp. plummeted 7.1 percent after announcing Thursday that it was slashing 10,000 jobs worldwide and would slide into the red for the full year.
Benchmark oil for March delivery was up 6 cents to $99.76 per barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange. The contract rose 30 cents to finish at $99.70 per barrel on the Nymex on Thursday.
In currencies, the euro rose to $1.3110 from $1.3104 late Thursday in New York. The dollar fell to 77.02 yen from 77.49 yen.
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ATLANTA ? A panel of federal judges appeared skeptical Wednesday of the Atlanta police department's decision to reject a job application from an HIV-infected man.
The 40-year-old man sued the city in 2010, claiming he was denied a police officer job solely because he has the virus. Atlanta attorneys argued there are other officers on the force with HIV, and said the police department does not have a blanket policy disqualifying candidates with the virus. Gay rights groups and police agencies are closely following the case.
One of the three judges signaled the lawsuit would likely be sent back to a lower judge to reconsider.
"I don't see how we can avoid a remand in this case," Circuit Judge R. Lanier Anderson said.
The judges will issue a ruling later.
The man sued under the pseudonym Richard Roe and has requested anonymity because he believes his medical condition could prevent him from other job opportunities. He said in an interview he was a former criminal investigator with the city of Los Angeles who discovered he had HIV in 1997, but that it didn't hinder his ability to perform his duties.
Roe moved to Atlanta to find a better job and joined the city's taxicab enforcement unit. In January 2006, he decided he wanted to join the police force. He passed a series of tests, but hit a snag when a blood test revealed he had the virus that causes AIDS.
The doctor didn't do any more tests, according to records, and recommended to the city that he have "no physical contact or involvement with individuals."
Atlanta attorneys said the city follows the recommendation of the physicians who examine candidates, and in this case, the doctor advised the department to limit Roe's interaction with the public.
"We're told that he can't do the job," said Robert Godfrey, a city attorney. "We have to assume when a doctor tells us this, he can't perform the essential duties."
Roe's attorney, Scott Schoettes of gay rights group Lambda Legal, said there was no evidence that Roe posed a threat to the health and safety of others. The city violated the federal Americans with Disabilities Act by not fully vetting his client, Schoettes said.
Roe's advocates said the city's position perpetuates myths about HIV that have persisted for three decades. Modern medical advances have made the disease a manageable condition that in many cases won't affect job performance even in the most demanding fields, they said.
"I really see an opportunity for the city of Atlanta to make some drastic changes and move forward," Roe said. "I think that's what this whole case is about."
___
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NEW YORK ? A different kind of F-word is stirring a linguistic and political debate as controversial as what it defines.
The word is "fracking" ? as in hydraulic fracturing, a technique long used by the oil and gas industry to free oil and gas from rock.
It's not in the dictionary, the industry hates it, and President Barack Obama didn't use it in his State of the Union speech ? even as he praised federal subsidies for it.
The word sounds nasty, and environmental advocates have been able to use it to generate opposition ? and revulsion ? to what they say is a nasty process that threatens water supplies.
"It obviously calls to mind other less socially polite terms, and folks have been able to take advantage of that," said Kate Sinding, a senior attorney at the Natural Resources Defense Council who works on drilling issues.
One of the chants at an anti-drilling rally in Albany earlier this month was "No fracking way!"
Industry executives argue that the word is deliberately misspelled by environmental activists and that it has become a slur that should not be used by media outlets that strive for objectivity.
"It's a co-opted word and a co-opted spelling used to make it look as offensive as people can try to make it look," said Michael Kehs, vice president for Strategic Affairs at Chesapeake Energy, the nation's second-largest natural gas producer.
To the surviving humans of the sci-fi TV series "Battlestar Galactica," it has nothing to do with oil and gas. It is used as a substitute for the very down-to-Earth curse word.
Michael Weiss, a professor of linguistics at Cornell University, says the word originated as simple industry jargon, but has taken on a negative meaning over time ? much like the word "silly" once meant "holy."
But "frack" also happens to sound like "smack" and "whack," with more violent connotations.
"When you hear the word `fracking,' what lights up your brain is the profanity," says Deborah Mitchell, who teaches marketing at the University of Wisconsin's School of Business. "Negative things come to mind."
Obama did not use the word in his State of the Union address Tuesday night, when he said his administration will help ensure natural gas will be developed safely, suggesting it would support 600,000 jobs by the end of the decade.
In hydraulic fracturing, millions of gallons of water, sand and chemicals are pumped into wells to break up underground rock formations and create escape routes for the oil and gas. In recent years, the industry has learned to combine the practice with the ability to drill horizontally into beds of shale, layers of fine-grained rock that in some cases have trapped ancient organic matter that has cooked into oil and gas.
By doing so, drillers have unlocked natural gas deposits across the East, South and Midwest that are large enough to supply the U.S. for decades. Natural gas prices have dipped to decade-low levels, reducing customer bills and prompting manufacturers who depend on the fuel to expand operations in the U.S.
Environmentalists worry that the fluid could leak into water supplies from cracked casings in wells. They are also concerned that wastewater from the process could contaminate water supplies if not properly treated or disposed of. And they worry the method allows too much methane, the main component of natural gas and an extraordinarily potent greenhouse gas, to escape.
Some want to ban the practice altogether, while others want tighter regulations.
The Environmental Protection Agency is studying the issue and may propose federal regulations. The industry prefers that states regulate the process.
Some states have banned it. A New York proposal to lift its ban drew about 40,000 public comments ? an unprecedented total ? inspired in part by slogans such as "Don't Frack With New York."
The drilling industry has generally spelled the word without a "K," using terms like "frac job" or "frac fluid."
Energy historian Daniel Yergin spells it "fraccing" in his book, "The Quest: Energy, Security and the Remaking of the Modern World." The glossary maintained by the oilfield services company Schlumberger includes only "frac" and "hydraulic fracturing."
The spelling of "fracking" began appearing in the media and in oil and gas company materials long before the process became controversial. It first was used in an Associated Press story in 1981. That same year, an oil and gas company called Velvet Exploration, based in British Columbia, issued a press release that detailed its plans to complete "fracking" a well.
The word was used in trade journals throughout the 1980s. In 1990, Commerce Secretary Robert Mosbacher announced U.S. oil engineers would travel to the Soviet Union to share drilling technology, including fracking.
The word does not appear in The Associated Press Stylebook, a guide for news organizations. David Minthorn, deputy standards editor at the AP, says there are tentative plans to include an entry in the 2012 edition.
He said the current standard is to avoid using the word except in direct quotes, and to instead use "hydraulic fracturing."
That won't stop activists ? sometimes called "fracktivists" ? from repeating the word as often as possible.
"It was created by the industry, and the industry is going to have to live with it," says the NRDC's Sinding.
Dave McCurdy, CEO of the American Gas Association, agrees, much to his dismay: "It's Madison Avenue hell," he says.
___
Jonathan Fahey can be reached at http://twitter.com/JonathanFahey.
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LONDON (Reuters) ? Teaching children with autism to "talk things through" in their heads may help them solve tricky day-to-day tasks and could increase the chances of them living independent lives when they grow up, British scientists said Wednesday.
Psychologists who studied adults with autism found that the mechanism for using "inner speech," or talking things through in your head is intact, but they don't always use it in the same way as typically developing people do.
The researchers found that the tendency to "think in words" is also strongly linked to the extent of a person's communication skills, which are rooted in early childhood.
The results suggest teaching autistic children how to develop inner speech skills may help them cope with daily tasks later in life. It also suggests children with autism may do better at school if they are encouraged to learn their daily timetable verbally rather than using visual plans, which is currently a common approach.
Autism, which affects around one percent of the population worldwide, includes a spectrum of disorders ranging from mental retardation and a profound inability to communicate, to relatively milder symptoms such as seen in people with high-functioning autism or Asperger's syndrome.
Among core features of autism are poor communication skills and difficulties with social engagement.
"Most people will 'think in words' when trying to solve problems, which helps with planning or particularly complicated tasks," said David Williams of Durham University's department of psychology, who led the study.
Typically developing children tend to talk out loud to guide themselves through tricky tasks, and only from about 7 years old do they talk to themselves in their heads to try to solve problems, he said. How good people are at it is partly determined by their communication experiences as a young child.
Williams said children with autism often miss out on the early communicative exchanges, which may explain their tendency not to use inner speech when they are older. He said the lack of inner speech use might also contribute to some of the repetitive behaviors which are common in people with autism.
"Children with autism probably aren't doing this thinking in their heads, but are continuing on with a visual thinking strategy," Williams said in a telephone interview.
"So this is the time, at around six or seven years old, that these teaching methods would be most helpful."
The study, conducted by researchers at Durham, Bristol and City University London and published in the Development and Psychopathology journal, involved 15 adults with high-functioning autism and 16 neurotypical adults for comparison.
The volunteers were asked to complete a test of planning ability for which typical people would normally use "thinking in words" strategies.
When the two groups were asked to do the task while also repeating out loud a certain word -- such as "Tuesday" or "Thursday" -- designed to distract them, the control group found the task much harder, while the autistic group were not bothered by the distraction.
"In the people with autism, it had no effect whatsoever," Williams explained. This suggests that, unlike neurotypical adults, participants with autism do not normally use inner speech to help themselves plan.
(Editing by Paul Casciato)
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BERLIN (Reuters) ? Chancellor Angela Merkel rejected as "unfounded" stereotypes about a domineering, dogmatic Germany whose economic strength hinders growth in the rest of Europe, saying such cliches did not help the cause of European integration.
In a group interview for newspapers from Spain, Italy, Poland, Britain, France and Germany published on Wednesday, Merkel also reiterated that Berlin does not have unlimited resources to bail out the debt-ridden euro zone.
"There are lazy Germans and hard-working Germans, left-wing Germans and conservative ones. There are those who support competitiveness and those who want redistribution. Germany is just as varied as the rest of Europe. We should bury the old stereotypes," said the conservative German leader.
Merkel has been lampooned as a Nazi and a dominatrix in newspaper cartoons and protest banners across Europe but above all in Greece, for demanding fiscal discipline as a condition for international aid during the two-year-old euro debt crisis.
She will address assembled business leaders and policymakers at the World Economic Forum in Davos later on Wednesday.
Reiterating her caution about calls from the International Monetary Fund and Italy, among others, for Germany to beef up its contribution to euro zone bailout facilities, Merkel said: "It makes no sense for us to promise more and more money without tackling the causes of the crisis."
"No matter how much we support multi-billion aid and rescue schemes, we Germans have to be careful and not end up running out of strength - because we don't have unlimited resources either - and that would not help the whole of Europe."
Merkel also voiced reservations about calls from the United States, among others, for export-powerhouse Germany to help the rest of the European Union grow by reducing imbalances in its current account. Some economists say German wage restraint for example, dampens demand for imports in Europe's biggest economy.
Recent economic figures have suggested Europe's largest economy is shrugging off the sovereign debt crisis that has hammered growth in other euro zone countries.
COMPETITIVENESS
"Nobody would benefit from a weaker Germany. Of course in time we have to reduce imbalances in Europe, but we should do this by getting other countries to improve their competitiveness rather than Germany being weaker," said Merkel.
The chancellor cited the example of restrictive labor laws in Spain which she said contributed to a high youth unemployment rate of over 40 percent. The European Commission was welcome to use unallocated "structural funds" for reforms to boost growth and employment in Europe, rather than returning them, she said.
Merkel warned that markets were "testing our determination to stick together". On Britain, which opted out of her fiscal pact for budget discipline across Europe, the chancellor said she was convinced the British "want to remain part of the EU".
While it is inevitable that cooperation would be closer between members of the euro zone, the currency bloc should not isolate itself from opt-out countries like Britain, she said.
"Whether it be the Euro Plus Pact or the fiscal pact, every single member state which doesn't have the euro is invited to be part of the project," Merkel said.
(Reporting by Stephen Brown, editing by Gareth Jones and Toby Chopra)
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PARK CITY, Utah ? The Sundance Film Festival became the unlikely center of hip-hop's latest feud when actor-turned-rapper Drake and rapper-turned-actor Common came to town.
Common was promoting his role in upcoming family drama "LUV," while Drake was performing at one of the many late-night parties.
The two have traded insults recently via their raps, but Common said he didn't want to say anything else about Drake not in rhyme form.
"I feel like I said everything I really needed to say on the record. I just looked at it as like `Hey, it's just a hip-hop battle,'" he explained in an interview this week.
"The time to talk is on record as far as I'm concerned. If we in the ring, then we just handle our business in the ring."
Common had the most recent entry into the battle, by adding his verse to a Rick Ross song and naming Drake directly ? a move that the Chicago native said he felt obligated to make.
"Ice Cube, when he was going at N.W.A., once he left N.W.A., you knew who it was. Jay-Z and Nas ? Jay-Z said, `Smarten up, Nas.' And you just knew. Cats would say names," he continued.
"So that's just the way that I feel like you've got to do it. I don't want to like leave anything _I don't want anybody else to think I'm talking about them. I want you to know, `Hey this is who I'm talking to.'"
Common, known more lately for his acting than his rapping, started the battle with a song called "Sweet" on his new album, "The Dreamer/The Believer."
"He (Drake) felt offended by it. And the song is really discussing how hip-hop has a softer side," said Common.
"And I made it clear that I'm not talking about anyone specifically. For me it was no different than when Jay-Z addressed with `DOA,' he was talking about Auto-Tune. I was talking about, `Hey, you know hip-hop is starting to become more just saturated with softer songs,'" he said. "And I don't see anything the matter actually with the love songs. I do love songs. So I don't see anything the matter with it, but when the music becomes saturated with it, I mean, I speak up. I love hip-hop music."
The festival continues through Sunday.
___
Online:
http://www.thinkcommon.com/
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ST. LOUIS (AP) ? Tony La Russa will become the second retired manager to lead an All-Star team next summer, joining Hall of Famer John McGraw.
La Russa concluded a 16-season run in St. Louis with the team's second World Series title in five years last October, stepping down after 33 seasons overall. Commissioner Bud Selig announced Tuesday that the 67-year-old La Russa will manage the National League in this year's game July 10 in Kansas City.
McGraw retired after the 1932 season and managed the National League in the first All-Star Game the following year.
This will be La Russa's sixth time managing an All-Star team, three times in each league.
Two managers led All-Star teams after moving to new teams, Dick Williams in 1974 after switching from the Athletics to the Angels and Dusty Baker in 2003 after switching from the Giants to the Cubs.
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